{"id":11771,"date":"2025-09-02T13:12:00","date_gmt":"2025-09-02T12:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lamarinabj.com\/?p=11771"},"modified":"2025-09-02T09:47:22","modified_gmt":"2025-09-02T08:47:22","slug":"entre-envie-demigrer-et-prudence-face-aux-etrangers-les-beninois-plebiscitent-louverture-commerciale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lamarinabj.com\/index.php\/2025\/09\/02\/entre-envie-demigrer-et-prudence-face-aux-etrangers-les-beninois-plebiscitent-louverture-commerciale\/","title":{"rendered":"Entre envie d\u2019\u00e9migrer et prudence face aux \u00e9trangers, les B\u00e9ninois pl\u00e9biscitent l\u2019ouverture commerciale"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 & \u00c9conomie, La Marina BJ<\/mark><\/strong> \u2013 Au B\u00e9nin, les aspirations \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9migration reculent l\u00e9g\u00e8rement, les \u00e9trangers sont per\u00e7us comme utiles mais accueillis avec r\u00e9serve, tandis que la volont\u00e9 d\u2019ouverture \u00e9conomique reste largement partag\u00e9e. C\u2019est le triple constat que dresse le 10\u1d49 round d\u2019Afrobarometer, dont les r\u00e9sultats, publi\u00e9s le 26 ao\u00fbt 2025, \u00e9clairent les dynamiques sociales et \u00e9conomiques d\u2019un pays au carrefour des routes migratoires ouest-africaines.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le B\u00e9nin, un pays dont la population r\u00eave encore d\u2019ailleurs, mais moins qu\u2019hier. En Afrique subsaharienne, r\u00e9gion la plus jeune et l\u2019une des plus dynamiques au monde, la migration reste un choix strat\u00e9gique, souvent dict\u00e9 par la pr\u00e9carit\u00e9. Le B\u00e9nin ne fait pas exception selon le rapport d\u2019Afrobarometer : quatre citoyens sur dix disent avoir pens\u00e9 \u00e0 quitter le pays. Mais cette proportion, qui atteignait 46 % en 2017, recule \u00e0 40 % en 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce reflux, modeste mais significatif, traduit l\u2019effet combin\u00e9 d\u2019une stabilisation politique, d\u2019investissements soutenus dans les infrastructures et d\u2019une transformation \u00e9conomique progressive. Il refl\u00e8te aussi un climat mondial moins favorable \u00e0 l\u2019immigration africaine, notamment en Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chez les aspirants au d\u00e9part, les profils se dessinent clairement : jeunes dipl\u00f4m\u00e9s, citadins, hommes et membres des classes moyennes. Leurs motivations sont d\u2019abord \u00e9conomiques : recherche d\u2019emploi (37 %), difficult\u00e9s financi\u00e8res (28 %), pauvret\u00e9 (14 %) ou qu\u00eate d\u2019opportunit\u00e9s d\u2019affaires (6 %). La moiti\u00e9 d\u2019entre eux envisagent une destination africaine, principalement le Nig\u00e9ria (23%), l\u2019autre moiti\u00e9 tournant leurs regards vers l\u2019Europe (20%) ou l\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord (18%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Une immigration per\u00e7ue comme b\u00e9n\u00e9fique, mais sous contr\u00f4le<\/mark><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dans ce pays de transit et d\u2019accueil, o\u00f9 commer\u00e7ants nig\u00e9rians, artisans togolais et entrepreneurs ivoiriens se c\u00f4toient dans les march\u00e9s et les villes, la perception des \u00e9trangers est plut\u00f4t favorable. 64 % des B\u00e9ninois interrog\u00e9s estiment que leur pr\u00e9sence stimule l\u2019\u00e9conomie nationale. Mais cette reconnaissance ne s\u2019accompagne pas d\u2019un appel \u00e0 ouvrir grand les portes : seuls 27 % souhaitent accueillir davantage de travailleurs \u00e9trangers, et 25 % se disent favorables \u00e0 l\u2019accueil accru de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D’apr\u00e8s notre sp\u00e9cialiste \u00e0 la r\u00e9daction << ce paradoxe illustre une lucidit\u00e9 pragmatique \u00e0 savoir que l\u2019apport \u00e9conomique des \u00e9trangers est reconnu, mais le march\u00e9 du travail local, d\u00e9j\u00e0 sous tension, nourrit une prudence g\u00e9n\u00e9ralis\u00e9e.>> Dans la sph\u00e8re priv\u00e9e toutefois, l\u2019ouverture reste de mise : plus de 85 % des B\u00e9ninois interrog\u00e9s se disent indiff\u00e9rents ou favorables \u00e0 avoir des \u00e9trangers pour voisins.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sur le plan r\u00e9gional, les B\u00e9ninois pl\u00e9biscitent l\u2019id\u00e9e d\u2019une sous-r\u00e9gion int\u00e9gr\u00e9e. Trois quarts des sond\u00e9s soutiennent la libre circulation des personnes en Afrique de l\u2019Ouest. Pourtant, 78 % estiment que franchir les fronti\u00e8res r\u00e9gionales est aujourd\u2019hui difficile, voire tr\u00e8s difficile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ce contraste illustre une fracture structurelle entre les aspirations populaires et la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 administrative et s\u00e9curitaire de l\u2019int\u00e9gration r\u00e9gionale. Le B\u00e9nin, r\u00e9put\u00e9 stable et ouvert, se heurte aux m\u00eames obstacles que ses voisins : lourdeurs bureaucratiques, contr\u00f4les renforc\u00e9s, tensions s\u00e9curitaires dans le Sahel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u2019ouverture commerciale, un consensus national<\/mark><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Au-del\u00e0 des migrations, l\u2019enqu\u00eate Afrobarometer r\u00e9v\u00e8le un consensus massif autour de l\u2019ouverture \u00e9conomique : 83 % des r\u00e9pondants souhaitent que le gouvernement d\u00e9veloppe les \u00e9changes commerciaux avec tous les pays du monde. Plus encore, 70 % pr\u00e9f\u00e8rent une strat\u00e9gie commerciale globale plut\u00f4t qu\u2019une focalisation exclusive sur l\u2019Afrique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pourtant, ce d\u00e9sir d\u2019ouverture se heurte \u00e0 un d\u00e9ficit criant de connaissances sur les grands projets d\u2019int\u00e9gration. La Zone de Libre-\u00c9change Continentale Africaine (ZLECAf), instrument phare de l\u2019int\u00e9gration \u00e9conomique continentale, reste m\u00e9connue : seuls 8 % des B\u00e9ninois interrog\u00e9s d\u00e9clarent en avoir entendu parler.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00e9alis\u00e9e entre janvier et f\u00e9vrier 2024 par Innovante Recherche en \u00c9conomie et Gouvernance (IREG), l\u2019enqu\u00eate Afrobarometer repose sur un \u00e9chantillon de 1 200 adultes, repr\u00e9sentatif \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle nationale, avec une marge d\u2019erreur de \u00b13 points. Elle offre un miroir pr\u00e9cis des perceptions citoyennes \u00e0 savoir que l\u2019aspiration \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9migration reste forte, mais recule et que l\u2019immigration est vue comme une richesse \u00e9conomique, sous r\u00e9serve d\u2019un contr\u00f4le raisonn\u00e9. Aussi l\u2019int\u00e9gration r\u00e9gionale est pl\u00e9biscit\u00e9e, mais frein\u00e9e par les r\u00e9alit\u00e9s politiques. Et enfin l\u2019ouverture commerciale s\u2019impose comme une ambition nationale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour les d\u00e9cideurs b\u00e9ninois, ce sondage constitue un outil strat\u00e9gique. Il \u00e9claire les tensions entre ouverture et prudence, d\u00e9sir de mobilit\u00e9 et obstacles administratifs, mais aussi la volont\u00e9 citoyenne d\u2019une insertion \u00e9conomique mondiale, \u00e0 laquelle l\u2019\u00c9tat devra r\u00e9pondre par des politiques plus ambitieuses et une communication accrue autour des projets continentaux comme la ZLECAf.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 & \u00c9conomie, La Marina BJ \u2013 Au B\u00e9nin, les aspirations \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9migration reculent l\u00e9g\u00e8rement, les \u00e9trangers sont…\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":11772,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"elementor_theme","format":"standard","meta":{"csco_singular_sidebar":"","csco_page_header_type":"standard","csco_appearance_masonry":"","csco_page_load_nextpost":"","csco_post_video_location":[],"csco_post_video_location_hash":"","csco_post_video_url":"","csco_post_video_bg_start_time":0,"csco_post_video_bg_end_time":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1361,191],"tags":[1678,41,478],"class_list":{"0":"post-11771","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-barometre","8":"category-en-savoir-plus-2","9":"tag-afrobarometer","10":"tag-benin","11":"tag-commerce","12":"cs-entry","13":"cs-video-wrap"},"yoast_head":"\nEntre envie d\u2019\u00e9migrer et prudence face aux \u00e9trangers, les B\u00e9ninois pl\u00e9biscitent l\u2019ouverture commerciale - LA MARINA BJ<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Au B\u00e9nin, les aspirations \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9migration reculent l\u00e9g\u00e8rement, les \u00e9trangers sont per\u00e7us comme utiles mais accueillis avec r\u00e9serve, tandis que la volont\u00e9 d\u2019ouverture \u00e9conomique reste largement partag\u00e9e. 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